<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>ATTAR SI&#7748GH SARD&#256R SIR (1833-1896)</TITLE>਍㰀猀琀礀氀攀 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀挀猀猀∀㸀ഀഀ
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<p class="C1">&#65279ATTAR SI&#7748GH, SARD&#256R SIR (1833-1896), scholar nobleman, was collateral of the rulers of Pa&#7789i&#257l&#257, and belonged to the village of Bhadau&#7771, in present-day Sa&#7749gr&#363r district of the Punjab. He was born in 1833, the son of Kha&#7771ak Si&#7749gh. From the very beginning, he had a bent for learning and gained proficiency in Urdu, Persian, Punjabi and English. For study of Sanskrit, he went to V&#257r&#257&#7751as&#299. For his mastery in Sanskrit learning he was honoured by the British with the title of Mah&#257mahop&#257dhy&#257ya. He was equally at ease in the world of Arabic-Persian learning for which he earned the title of Shamas ul-'Ulem&#257. Succeeding to the family estates in 1858, Attar Si&#7749gh set up a library for himself and a school for the children at Bhadau&#7771. In 1878, he moved to Ludhi&#257&#7751&#257, shifting his library from Bhadau&#7771 to that city as well. In pursuance of his will, this Library was after his death transferred to the Pañj&#257b Public library at Lahore. For his scholarly tastes and for his work in the cause of education, he was appointed a member of the senate of the Pañj&#257b University College, Lahore, in 1870. Already in 1869 he had been elected a member of Añjuman-i-Punjab, an educational and literary society started under the presidentship of Dr G. W. Leitner. Of the Añjuman, he was vice-president in 1880. He was elected a member of Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1869. The British authorities often consulted him on matters relating to Sikh affairs, faith and literature. A strong loyalist in sympathy, Attar Si&#7749gh helped the British especially at the time of the uprising of the K&#363k&#257s or N&#257mdh&#257r&#299s and maintained voluntary surveillance in keeping the government informed about their activities. For the benefit of the British government, he also translated into English in 1873 <i>Sau S&#257kh&#299</i> (lit. A Hundred Stories), an apocryphal text ascribed by some to Gur&#363 Gobind Si&#7749gh, which was popularized towards the end of the nineteenth century by K&#363k&#257s who read some of its verses as predictory of their own triumph and prosperity and of Mah&#257r&#257j&#257 Duleep Si&#7749gh, the deposed king of the Punjab.</p>਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀圀栀攀渀 椀渀 ㄀㠀㜀㌀ 吀爀甀洀瀀瀀 攀砀瀀爀攀猀猀攀搀 栀椀猀 椀渀愀戀椀氀椀琀礀 琀漀 琀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀攀 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀䐀愀猀愀洀 䜀爀愀渀琀栀Ⰰ 㰀⼀椀㸀 䄀琀琀愀爀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 愀琀 琀栀攀 爀攀焀甀攀猀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀 最漀瘀攀爀渀洀攀渀琀 瀀爀攀瀀愀爀攀搀 愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀猀 漀昀 挀攀爀琀愀椀渀 琀攀砀琀猀 昀爀漀洀 椀琀Ⰰ 猀甀挀栀 愀猀 㰀椀㸀䨀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀瀀 匀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀栀椀戀Ⰰ 䄀欀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀 唀猀琀愀琀椀Ⰰ 䈀愀挀栀椀琀爀愀 一☀⌀㈀㔀㜀琀愀欀Ⰰ 娀愀昀愀爀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀洀愀栀㰀⼀椀㸀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀䠀愀欀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀礀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀琀㰀⼀椀㸀 猀攀挀琀椀漀渀 椀渀 倀攀爀猀椀愀渀 愀渀搀 倀甀渀樀愀戀椀 眀栀椀挀栀 栀攀 猀甀瀀瀀氀椀攀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䜀漀瘀攀爀渀洀攀渀琀 漀昀 䤀渀搀椀愀 愀渀搀 琀漀 䐀爀 吀爀甀洀瀀瀀 椀渀 䴀愀爀挀栀 ㄀㠀㜀㐀⸀ 䠀攀 愀氀猀漀 琀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀攀搀 椀渀琀漀 䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 刀愀栀椀琀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀洀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀 漀昀 倀爀愀栀氀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀搀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 愀渀搀 䈀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 一愀渀搀 䰀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 戀攀渀攀昀椀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀 最漀瘀攀爀渀洀攀渀琀⸀ 䤀渀 䨀愀渀甀愀爀礀 ㄀㠀㜀㘀Ⰰ 栀攀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 栀椀猀 䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 琀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 㰀椀㸀䴀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀瘀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䐀攀猀 刀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㠀㤀愀渀 搀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 匀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀欀栀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 倀漀琀栀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 瀀漀瀀甀氀愀爀氀礀 欀渀漀眀渀 愀猀 㰀椀㸀匀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀欀栀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 倀漀琀栀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 甀渀搀攀爀 琀栀攀 琀椀琀氀攀 㰀椀㸀吀栀攀 吀爀愀瘀攀氀猀 漀昀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 吀攀㰀甀㸀最栀㰀⼀甀㸀 䈀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀搀甀爀 愀渀搀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䜀漀戀椀渀搀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 䠀攀 眀愀猀 愀 洀攀洀戀攀爀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䈀攀渀最愀氀 倀栀椀氀栀愀爀洀漀渀椀挀愀氀 匀漀挀椀攀琀礀 愀渀搀 愀氀猀漀 猀攀爀瘀攀搀 漀渀 琀栀攀 䌀漀洀洀椀琀琀攀攀 漀昀 䴀愀渀愀最攀洀攀渀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䄀椀琀挀栀椀猀漀渀 䌀栀椀攀昀猀✀ 䌀漀氀氀攀最攀Ⰰ 䰀愀栀漀爀攀⸀ 䤀渀 爀攀挀漀最渀椀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 栀椀猀 氀椀琀攀爀愀爀礀 愀渀搀 瀀漀氀椀琀椀挀愀氀 猀攀爀瘀椀挀攀猀 栀攀 眀愀猀 愀眀愀爀搀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 䈀爀椀琀椀猀栀 琀栀攀 琀椀琀氀攀 漀昀 䘀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀稀椀氀 甀氀ⴀ䘀甀稀愀氀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 ⠀氀椀琀⸀ 攀砀挀攀氀氀椀渀最 琀栀攀 攀砀挀攀氀氀攀渀琀 氀攀愀爀渀攀搀 洀攀渀⤀ 椀渀 ㄀㠀㜀㜀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 䌀⸀ 䤀⸀ 䔀⸀ ⠀䌀漀洀瀀愀渀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䤀渀搀椀愀渀 䔀洀瀀椀爀攀⤀ 椀渀 ㄀㠀㠀　⸀ 䤀渀 ㄀㠀㠀㜀Ⰰ 漀渀 琀栀攀 漀挀挀愀猀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 儀甀攀攀渀 嘀椀挀琀漀爀椀愀✀猀 䨀甀戀椀氀攀攀 䌀攀氀攀戀爀愀琀椀漀渀猀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 渀攀眀氀礀 椀渀猀琀椀琀甀琀攀搀 琀椀琀氀攀 漀昀 䴀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀洀愀栀漀瀀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀搀栀礀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀礀愀 眀愀猀 挀漀渀昀攀爀爀攀搀 漀渀 栀椀洀 椀渀 爀攀挀漀最渀椀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 栀椀猀 攀洀椀渀攀渀琀 猀攀爀瘀椀挀攀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 瀀爀漀洀漀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 伀爀椀攀渀琀愀氀 氀攀愀爀渀椀渀最⸀ 䤀渀 ㄀㠀㠀㠀Ⰰ 栀攀 眀愀猀 愀搀洀椀琀琀攀搀 琀漀 䬀渀椀最栀琀栀漀漀搀⸀ 䄀琀琀愀爀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 眀愀猀 挀漀渀猀甀氀琀攀搀 漀渀 琀栀攀 焀甀攀猀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 漀昀昀椀挀椀愀氀 瀀攀爀洀椀猀猀椀漀渀 琀漀 䴀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀樀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䐀甀氀攀攀瀀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 琀漀 瘀椀猀椀琀 䤀渀搀椀愀⸀ 䠀攀 漀瀀瀀漀猀攀搀 琀栀攀 瀀爀漀瀀漀猀愀氀 愀渀搀 栀椀猀 愀搀瘀椀挀攀 眀愀猀 漀渀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 昀愀挀琀漀爀猀 眀栀椀挀栀 氀攀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 爀攀昀甀猀愀氀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 搀攀瀀漀猀攀搀 䴀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀樀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 琀漀 瘀椀猀椀琀 琀栀攀 倀甀渀樀愀戀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sard&#257r Attar Si&#7749gh's services in the cause of Si&#7749gh Sabh&#257 movement are as noteworthy as his loyalty to the British. He was founder president of Sr&#299 Gur&#363 Si&#7749gh Sabh&#257, Ludhi&#257&#7751&#257, established in 1884. He also took a leading part in the establishment of the <u>Kh</u>&#257ls&#257 D&#299w&#257n at Lahore of which he became patron-in-chief. In 1886 he had been nominated a member of the General Committee of the Darb&#257r S&#257hib (Golden Temple) at Amritsar. In 1890, he was made vice president and trustee of the <u>Kh</u>&#257ls&#257 College Establishment Committee and later vice-president of the <u>Kh</u>&#257ls&#257 College Council. Attar Si&#7749gh made a signal contribution to the history of the development of Punjabi when he had the language included in the academic programme at the Oriental College at Lahore. To counteract the argument of the opponents that there was no mentionable literature in Punjabi, he produced a formidable list of books and manuscripts in Punjabi from his personal collection which clinched the issue. He brought to the notice of scholars, especially Dr Leitner, an old inscription at Ha&#7789h&#363r, a village in Ludhi&#257&#7751&#257 district. This inscription proved how far back the roots of Punjabi language and its script went.</p>਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀匀愀爀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀 匀椀爀 䄀琀琀愀爀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 搀椀攀搀 愀琀 䰀甀搀栀椀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀☀⌀㜀㜀㔀㄀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 漀渀 ㄀　 䨀甀渀攀 ㄀㠀㤀㘀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ
</font>਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䈀䤀䈀∀㸀ഀഀ
BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1"><li class="C1"> Griffin, Lepel, and C. F. Massy, <i>Chiefs and Families of Note in the Punjab</i>. Lahore, 1909<BR>਍㰀氀椀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀㰀椀㸀倀甀渀樀愀戀 匀琀愀琀攀猀 䜀愀稀攀琀琀攀攀爀猀Ⰰ 倀栀甀氀欀椀愀渀 匀琀愀琀攀猀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 䰀愀栀漀爀攀Ⰰ ㄀㤀　㐀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ
<li class="C1"><i>Silver Jubilee Book</i>. Amritsar, 1937<BR>਍㰀⼀漀氀㸀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀伀一吀∀㸀一☀⌀㈀㔀㜀稀愀爀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀㰀戀爀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ
</font>਍㰀椀洀最 猀爀挀㴀∀挀漀甀渀琀攀爀⸀愀猀瀀砀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㄀瀀砀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀瀀砀∀ 愀氀琀㴀∀∀㸀ഀഀ
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